Erythema infectiosum, a disease known as "apple disease" in Japanese, has recently surged in Japan, with the number of cases reaching a 25-year high. Doctors are warning that "apple disease" is highly contagious. While it primarily affects children, adults can also contract it, especially pregnant women, as infection can lead to severe complications, including miscarriage.
According to Japanese media, since November this year, cases of "apple disease" in Tokyo have been steadily increasing. As of December 1, 796 cases were reported across 264 medical institutions in Tokyo, marking the highest number since 1999. The cases have exceeded the alert level for three consecutive weeks, representing the first time since 2018 that the number of patients has surpassed this threshold.
This viral disease mainly occurs in children, initially presenting with mild cold-like symptoms. After an incubation period of about one week, red rashes appear on the cheeks and arms, after which it typically resolves on its own, often leading to unknowing transmission to family members.
"Apple disease" spreads through respiratory droplets from coughing and sneezing, and can also be contracted via shared utensils. Adult patients may experience symptoms such as headaches, itching, fever, and muscle pain. If pregnant women become infected, it can result in fetal anemia or edema, and in severe cases, miscarriage or stillbirth.
Since there is no specific treatment for "apple disease" and alcohol does not kill the virus, the public is advised to wash hands frequently, wear masks, and avoid sharing food. Pregnant women should also avoid entering public places with severe outbreaks.
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